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Actually it comes from an anthology on religion composed of articles by Max Weber. He's talking about the mystagogues in India, and many of their traditions seemed reminiscent of stuff I've read about in Jurgensmeyer's book. I think the name of the anthology is The Sociology of Religion. Ah yes, that's it... published by Beacon Press it was originally part of Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft.Not really for the general reader, but then you're not really the general reader are you? Weber can be fairly dry, but he occasionally waxes almost poetic (as in that famous passage about the "iron cage" of industrial society). Reminiscent of the phrase "lives of quiet desperation," only worse: The Puritan wanted to work in a calling; we are forced to do so. For when asceticism was carried out of monastic cells into everyday life, and began to dominate worldly morality, it did its part in building the tremendous cosmos of the modern economic order. This order is now bound to the technical and economic conditions of machine production which to-day determine the lives of all the individuals who are born into this mechanism, not only those directly concerned with economic acquisition, with irrestistible force. Perhaps it will so determine them until the last ton of fossilized coal is burnt. In Baxter's view the care for external goods should only lie "on the shoulders of the saint like a light cloak, which can be thrown aside at any moment." But fate decreed that the cloak should become an iron cage.Since asceticism undertook to remodel the world and to work out its ideals in the world, material goods have gained an increasing and finally an inexorable power over the lives of men as at no previous period in history. To-day the spirit of religious asceticism--whether finally, who knows?--has escaped from the cage. But victorious capitalism, since it rests on mechanical foundations, needs its support no longer. The rosy blush of its laughing heir, the Enlightenment, seems also to be irretrievably fading [consider that he was German, where the Counter-enlightenment was ascendent], and the idea of duty in a calling prowls about in our lives like the ghost of dead religious beliefs. Where the fulfilment of the calling cannot directly be related to the highest spiritual and cultural values, or when, on the other hand, it need not be felt simply as economic compulsion, the individual generally abondons the attempt to justify it at all. In the field of its highest development, in the United States, the pursuit of wealth, stripped of its religious and ethical meaning, tends to become associated with purely mundane passions, which often actually give it the character of sport. No one knows who will live in this cage in the future, or whether at the end of this tremendous development entirely new prophets will arise, or there will be a great rebith of old ideas and ideals, or, if neither, mechanized petrification, embellished with a sort of convulsive self-importance. For at the last stage of this cultural development, it might well be truly said: "Specialists without spirit, sensualists without heart; this nullity imagines that it has attained a level of civiliation never before achieved." (Max Weber, The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, pp. 181-82) I feel dirty. But then, that was written some time between 1904 and 1918, before totalitarianism had even been seen "in full bloom," and before the century-long war had really begun. Still, it stings doesn't it?
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